Nowadays, learning by tradition is becoming less and less common. The profusion of academies since the 19th century has generated an academic culture that – hand in hand with the ideals of positivism that coined them – recognizes its teaching paradigm, inherited from the method of the hard sciences, as the only one that provides valid learning. It is not that academies did not exist before the 19th century -they certainly did. But it is around that time that the amount of academies around Europe multiplied, and they defined the modern system of teaching and evaluation, as well as began
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